Metodología para la atención integral a pacientes con genodermatosis

Las genodermatosis constituyen un grupo de enfermedades genéticas con afectación de la piel y sus anexos. En Cuba, el Programa Nacional de Diagnóstico, Atención y Prevención de Enfermedades Genéticas, en relación a las genodermatosis, no cuenta con protocolos para su diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento. El objetivo del estudio es evaluar una metodología para la atención a los pacientes con genodermatosis. Se realizó en Las Tunas, provincia oriental de Cuba, un estudio cuasi-experimental, aplicándose la variante Delphy del método de expertos, siendo consultados un grupo de especialistas cubanos de dermatología, genética médica clínica y pediatría, con alto nivel científico y experiencia en el trabajo con pacientes con genodermatosis. Diseñándose la metodología que propone el protocolo del diagnóstico, tratamiento y algoritmo de seguimiento para estos pacientes. Se estudiaron 395 pacientes atendidos en el Departamento provincial de Genética Médica. Se estudiaron la tasa de prevalencia, la media de casos diagnosticados por año, la proporción de complicaciones presentadas, el índice de supervivencia e índice de letalidad y para relacionar las variables referentes a la mejoría del estado dermatológico y manifestaciones extracutáneas se utilizó la prueba estadística de Chi cuadrado de Mc-Nemar, con una significación estadística p≤0,05. Después de implementada la metodología, predominó la neurofibromatosis 1, síndrome de Ehlers Danlos clásico e ictiosis vulgar, la media de casos diagnosticados por año aumentó; disminuyeron las complicaciones, predominando las piodermitis (6.13 %); el índice de mortalidad fue bajo (1.27%) con alto índice de supervivencia (98.73%) y mejoría de las manifestaciones dermatológicas (MCNemar X2=90.41558, P=0.000000) y extracutáneas (McNemar X2=24.083334, P=0.000001). La metodología diseñada para la atención a pacientes con genodermatosis fortalece el Programa Nacional de Diagnóstico, Atención y Prevención de Enfermedades Genéticas, demostrando ser efectiva, con mayor número de casos diagnosticados, menor proporción de complicaciones, alta supervivencia, baja letalidad y mejoría clínica de las manifestaciones dermatológicas y extracutáneas.

The genodermatoses constitutes a group of genetic diseases with affectation of the skin and their annexes. In Cuba, the National Program of Diagnostic, Attention and Prevention of Genetic diseases, in relation to the genodermatoses, don't have protocols for their diagnosis, treatment and pursuit. The objective of this study is to evaluate a methodology for the attention to the patients with genodermatosis. Was carried out in The Tunas, oriental county of Cuba, a quasi-experimental study, being applied the varying Delphy of the method of experts, being consulted a group of Cuban specialists of dermatology, genetics clinical doctor and pediatrics, with high scientific level and experience in the work with patient with genodermatoses. Being designed the methodology that proposes the protocol of the diagnosis, treatment and pursuit algorithm for these patients. 395 patients were studied assisted in the provincial Department of Medical Genetics. Were studied the prevalence rate, the stocking of cases diagnosed per year, the proportion of presented complications, the index of survival and lethality index and to relate the relating variables to the improvement of the state dermatologic and extracutaneous manifestations the statistical test of square Chi of Mc-Nemar was used, with a significance statistical p≤0,05. After having implemented the methodology, prevailed the neurofibromatosis, Ehlers Danlos syndrome and ichthyosis vulgaris; the stocking of cases diagnosed per year increased; they diminished the complications, prevailing the piodermitis (6.13%); the index of mortality was low (1.27%) with high index of survival (98.73%) and improvement of the manifestations dermatologic (MCNemar X2=90.41558, P=0.000000) and extracutaneous (McNemar X2=24.083334, P=0.000001). The methodology designed for the attention to patient with genodermatoses strengthens the National Program of Diagnostic, Attention and Prevention of Genetic Illnesses, demonstrating to be effective, with bigger number of diagnosed cases, smaller proportion of complications, high survival, low lethality and clinical improvement of the dermatologic and extracutaneous manifestations.

As genodermatoses são um grupo de doenças genéticas com envolvimento da pele e seus anexos. Em Cuba, o Programa Nacional de Diagnóstico, Cuidado e Prevenção de Doenças Genéticas, em relação às genodermatoses, não possui protocolos para seu diagnóstico, tratamento e acompanhamento. O objetivo do estudo é avaliar uma metodologia para o cuidado de pacientes com genodermatose. Um estudo quase-experimental foi realizado em Las Tunas, província oriental de Cuba, aplicando a variante Delphy do método expert, sendo consultado um grupo de especialistas cubanos em dermatologia, genética médica clínica e pediatria, com alto nível científico e experiência no trabalho com pacientes com genodermatose. Desenho da metodologia que propõe o protocolo de diagnóstico, tratamento e algoritmo de acompanhamento para esses pacientes. Um total de 395 pacientes tratados no Departamento Provincial de Genética Médica foram estudados. Foram estudadas as prevalências, o número médio de casos diagnosticados por ano, a proporção de complicações apresentadas, a sobrevida e o índice de letalidade e para relacionar as variáveis referentes à melhora do estado dermatológico e das manifestações extracutâneas, utilizou-se o teste estatístico Qui-quadrado de Mc-Nemar, com significância estatística p≤0, 05. Após a implementação da metodologia, predominaram a neurofibromatose 1, a síndrome clássica de Ehlers Danlos e a ictiose vulgar, aumentando-se o número médio de casos diagnosticados por ano; complicações diminuídas, predominantemente piodermite (6,13%); a taxa de mortalidade foi baixa (1,27%), com alta sobrevida (98,73%) e melhora dermatológica (MCNemar X2=90,41558, P=0,000000) e extracutânea (McNemar X2=24,083334, P=0,000001). A metodologia desenhada para o cuidado de pacientes com genodermatose fortalece o Programa Nacional de Diagnóstico, Cuidado e Prevenção de Doenças Genéticas, mostrando-se eficaz, com maior número de casos diagnosticados, menor proporção de complicações, alta sobrevida, baixa letalidade e melhora clínica das manifestações dermatológicas e extracutâneas.

An Analysis of the Filaggrin Gene Polymorphism in Korean Atopic Dermatitis Patients

Research of the FLG mutation in various ethnic groups revealed non-overlapping mutation patterns. In addition, Japanese and Chinese atopic patients showed somewhat different mutations. These ethnic differences make the research on Korean patients mandatory; however, no systematic research on Korean atopic dermatitis (AD) patients has been performed. This study aims to investigate the genetic polymorphism of FLG in Korean atopic dermatitis patients. The study was made up of three groups including 9 Ichthyosis vulgaris (IV) patients, 50 AD patients and 55 normal controls: the ichthyosis group was incorporated due to the reported association between the FLG mutation and IV. In comparison to other sequencing methods, the overlapping long-range PCR was used. We revealed the genetic polymorphism of filaggrin in Koreans, and at the same time, we discovered nonsense mutations in p.Y1767X and p.K4022X in Korean AD patients. By using FLG sequencing techniques confirmed in this study, new mutations or genetic polymorphisms with ethnic characteristics would be detected and further larger studies of repeat number polymorphisms could be performed.

The research progress of Chinese medicine treatment of psoriasis vulgaris / 国际中医中药杂志

Based on the literature related to psoriasis in recent years,this paper first summarizes the modem practitioners' insights into the etiology and pathogenesis of psoriasis and then summarizes the therapeutic methods which can be divided into two parts:TCM internal medicine and TCM external treatment.On such basis,the pathogenesis of the disease,various treatments and the corresponding clinical efficacy are generalized.

Prevalence of atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis and filaggrin mutations in adolescents in a middle school in Shanghai / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence and progression process of atopic diseases in adolescents, and to assess their relationship with filaggrin(FLG)mutations. Methods Totally, 334 adolescents aged from 11 to 19 years in a middle school in shanghai were enrolled into this study. A clinical interview was carried out to determine the prevalence of atopic diseases (such as ichthyosis, atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, rhinitis, etc)in these subjects. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 285 out of the 334 adolescents for screening for common FLG mutations, including 3321delA and K4671X. Five years later, these adolescents were followed up for reevaluation of clinical presentations of atopic diseases. Statistical analysis was carried out by the chi-square test with the SPSS 20.0 software. Results As the baseline survey showed, 19 (5.69%)of the 334 adolescents had AD, 14 (4.19%)had ichthyosis vulgaris, 36(10.78%)had allergic rhinitis, and 4(1.20%)had asthma. FLG mutations were observed in 24(8.42%) of the 285 adolescents. Five years later, 265 adoscents completed the follow-up, and 69 (20.66%)were lost to follow-up. Of the 265 adolescents reevaluated, 13(4.89%)had AD, 15(5.64%)had ichthyosis vulgaris, 27(10.15%)had allergic rhinitis, and 1 (0.38%)had asthma. By the time the second survey was performed, 6 out of the 19 patients initially diagnosed with AD had achieved complete regression, 13 had experienced a marked decrease in SCORing atopic dermatitis (SCORAD)score, and symptoms had disappeared in 9 of the 36 patients initially diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. The frequency of FLG mutations was 10.0%in patients with AD, 55.6%in those with ichthyosis, and 40.0%in those with both AD and ichthyosis, and the development of ichthyosis was associated with FLG mutations(P<0.001). Conclusions The frequency of common FLG mutations was 8.42%in these adolescents. FLG gene may be a semidominant gene associated with ichthyosis vulgaris, and multiple factors influence its expression.

Changes of filaggrin and its gene in patients with ichthyosis vulgaris / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To detect mutations in the filaggrin (FLG) gene and expressions of FLG and loricrin in patients with ichthyosis vulgaris (Ⅳ),and to investigate their clinical significance.Methods Tissue specimens were resected from the skin lesions of 10 patients with Ⅳ and normal skin of 14 healthy human controls,and immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expressions of filaggrin and loricrin.The expression intensity was determined by the Image-Pro Plus (IPP) software,and expressed as positive units (PU).Blood samples were collected from 10 patients of Han nationality with Ⅳ and 100 healthy human controls followed by DNA extraction.PCR and DNA sequencing were performed to detect the presence of 13 mutations (3321delA,441delA,1249insG,E1795X,S3296X,R501X,2282de14,R2447X,S2889X,7945delA,3702delG,Q2417X,R4307X) in the FLG gene.Results FLG was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes in the stratum corneum,granular layer,prickle layer and basal layer,and loricrin was observed in the cytoplasm and nuclei of keratinocytes in the granular layer,prickle layer and basal layer,in both the lesional and normal skin.Compared with the normal skin,the lesional skin showed significantly weaker expressions of FLG (0.208 2 ± 0.008 0 vs.0.230 0 ± 0.0228,t =3.30,P ＜ 0.01) and loricrin (0.137 0 ± 0.011 2 vs.0.149 3 ± 0.007 3,t =3.07,P ＜ 0.01).Sequencing analysis identified two mutations,including 3321delA in 7 patients and 441delA in 2 patients.No mutations were detected in the healthy controls.Conclusions The 3321delA and 441delA mutations in the FLG gene may represent the most frequent genetic cause of Ⅳ in patients of Han nationality.The low expressions of FLG and loricrin may be associated with the impairment of skin barrier function in patients with Ⅳ.

Genetic Polymorphism of FLG in Korean Ichthyosis Vulgaris Patients

BACKGROUND: Filaggrin is a key protein that facilitates the formation of skin barrier by forming a stratum corneum. Mutations in the gene encoding filaggrin (FLG) have recently been reported in patients with ichthyosis vulgaris (IV). Interestingly, there are ethnic differences between FLG mutations identified in Asians and Europeans, and few FLG mutations are overlapping between Chinese and Japanese IV patients. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigative the genetic polymorphism of FLG in Korean IV patients. METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from whole venous blood specimen of Korean patients with IV and a control group, and the full sequence of FLG was determined via overlapping long-range polymerase chain reaction method. RESULTS: Analysis of base sequence previously unreported reveal new nonsense mutation p.Y1767X in a Korean IV patient, and additional new single nucleotide polymorphisms. CONCLUSION: On the basis of this study, it is anticipated that analysis of FLG gene sequence be extended to other dermatoses associated with FLG, such as atopic dermatitis.